How to Identify Food Intolerances: Lactose & Gluten Guide

What is the difference between a food allergy and a food intolerance?

A food allergy triggers an immune system response that can be life-threatening. A food intolerance is a digestive issue where your body cannot break down a food properly, causing discomfort.

What causes lactose intolerance?

A deficiency of the enzyme lactase in the small intestine, which is needed to break down dairy sugars (lactose) into absorbable glucose.

What is gluten and where is it found?

Gluten is a structural protein found in grains like wheat, rye, barley, and semolina (suji), which gives dough its elastic shape.

What is Celiac Disease?

An autoimmune disorder where eating gluten damages the lining of the small intestine, leading to nutrient malabsorption and severe health issues.

What is an elimination diet?

A test where you remove suspect foods from your diet for 3-4 weeks, then reintroduce them one by one to monitor which food triggers symptoms.

What are the symptoms of lactose intolerance?

Bloating, gas, stomach cramps, diarrhea, and nausea occurring 30 minutes to 2 hours after consuming dairy.

Can lactose intolerance develop later in life?

Yes, it is common for the body to produce less lactase enzyme as you age, leading to adult-onset lactose intolerance.

What are gluten-free alternative grains?

Rice, oats (certified gluten-free), ragi (finger millet), bajra (pearl millet), jowar (sorghum), quinoa, and amaranth.

How is celiac disease diagnosed?

Through blood tests (tTG-IgA antibodies) followed by an intestinal biopsy performed by a gastroenterologist before starting a gluten-free diet.

Are dairy alternatives healthy?

Yes, almond milk, soy milk, oat milk, and coconut milk are excellent lactose-free alternatives, often fortified with calcium and vitamins.

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