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Physics · Electrostatic Potential

हिन्दी

A conductor and a dielectric slab are placed separately in a uniform external electric field \( \mathbf{E}_0 \). If \( \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} \) represents the induced electric field inside each material, the net electric field inside them satisfies:

  1. A
    \( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} = 0 \) for both conductor and dielectric
  2. B
    \( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} \neq 0 \) for conductor, but \( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} = 0 \) for dielectric
  3. C
    \( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} \neq 0 \) for both conductor and dielectric
  4. D
    \( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} = 0 \) for conductor, but \( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} \neq 0 \) for dielectric

Correct answer · Option D

\( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} = 0 \) for conductor, but \( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} \neq 0 \) for dielectric

Explanation

In a conductor, free charges redistribute until the opposing induced field exactly cancels the external field (\( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} = 0 \)). In a dielectric, bound charges only partially oppose it (\( \mathbf{E}_0 + \mathbf{E}_{\text{in}} \neq 0 \)).
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