Biology · BIOMOLECULES

During an enzyme-catalysed reaction, the substrate (S) binds to the active site to form an intermediate complex (ES), passing through an 'altered structural state' known as the transition state. Which of the following is true regarding this transition state structure?

1. A
   It represents a transient, highly unstable state with the highest potential energy.
2. B
   It represents an extremely stable state with minimal potential energy.
3. C
   It is permanently trapped in the active site and cannot be converted to product.
4. D
   It exists at a lower potential energy level than the final product (P).