Chemistry · CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Based on the provided diagram depicting covalent and van der Waals radii of chlorine, which statement correctly describes the relation between \( r_c \) and \( r_{\text{vdw}} \)?

1. \( r_{\text{vdw}} \) is measured between bonded atoms of the same molecule and is smaller than \( r_c \).
2. \( r_c \) is \( 180\text{ pm} \) and \( r_{\text{vdw}} \) is \( 99\text{ pm} \).
3. \( r_c \) is half the distance between two similar atoms joined by a covalent bond, whereas \( r_{\text{vdw}} \) includes the nonbonded valence shell.
4. The internuclear distance between two non-bonded chlorine atoms of adjacent molecules is \( 198\text{ pm} \).