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Biology · PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION

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Refer to the test cross concept described in NCERT. When a violet-flowered pea plant of unknown genotype is crossed with a white-flowered plant (\( vv \)) and all resulting offspring produce violet flowers, what is the genotype and phenotype interpretation of the unknown parent?

  1. Heterozygous dominant (\( Vv \))
  2. Homozygous dominant (\( VV \))
  3. Homozygous recessive (\( vv \))
  4. Incompletely dominant (\( Vv \))

Correct answer · Option 2

Homozygous dominant (\( VV \))

Explanation

If 100% of the test cross progeny show the dominant trait (violet flowers), the dominant test organism is homozygous dominant (\( VV \)). If it were heterozygous (\( Vv \)), 50% would be violet and 50% white.

Related questions

A cross between a true-breeding tall pea plant (\( TT \)) and a true-breeding dwarf pea plant (\( tt \)) yielded \( F_1 \) plants, which were then self-pollinated to produce 1200 \( F_2 \) plants. How many of these \( F_2 \) plants are expected to be heterozygous tall?→In pea seeds, starch synthesis is controlled by a single gene with alleles \( B \) and \( b \). Considering starch grain size as the phenotype, the alleles show (i)_________, whereas considering seed shape (round vs. wrinkled) as the phenotype, allele \( B \) shows (ii)_________.→Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).\n Assertion (A): In a monohybrid cross of Antirrhinum majus (snapdragon) between true-breeding red-flowered and white-flowered plants, the phenotypic and genotypic ratios in the \( F_2 \) generation are identical (1:2:1).\n Reason (R): The allele for red flower colour is completely dominant over the allele for white flower colour, allowing heterozygous individuals to express a blended phenotype.\nIn the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:→Mendel selected 14 true-breeding pea plant varieties as pairs. Which of the following pairs correctly matches the character with its dominant and recessive traits?→
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