DNA polymorphism forms the basis of:

DNA polymorphism refers to the variations in DNA sequences at specific sites among individuals of a population. These heritable mutations (polymorphisms) play a crucial role in evolution and speciation. They form the basis of genetic mapping of the human genome (using markers like RFLPs and microsatellites) as well as DNA fingerprinting (profiling), which is extensively used in forensic science, paternity testing, and population genetics. Therefore, DNA polymorphism forms the basis of both genetic mapping and DNA fingerprinting.