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Biology · CELL THE UNIT OF LIFE

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Which of the following physiological statements regarding plant vacuoles and tonoplast transport is correct?

  1. The tonoplast is a freely permeable double-membrane that allows passive equilibration of ions between cell sap and cytoplasm.
  2. The tonoplast facilitates active transport of ions against concentration gradients into the vacuole, maintaining a significantly higher solute concentration in the vacuole than in the cytoplasm.
  3. Plant vacuoles occupy at most 10 to 20 percent of cell volume and lack hydraulic or osmotic functions.
  4. Contractile vacuoles in Amoeba are primarily formed by engulfment of food particles for hydrolytic enzyme release.

Correct answer · Option 2

The tonoplast facilitates active transport of ions against concentration gradients into the vacuole, maintaining a significantly higher solute concentration in the vacuole than in the cytoplasm.

Explanation

In plant cells, the single membrane tonoplast facilitates transport of ions against concentration gradients into the vacuole, causing their concentration to be significantly higher in the vacuole than in the cytoplasm.

Related questions

In a diploid human somatic cell, approximately two metres of DNA is packaged within the nucleus into 46 chromosomes. What is the fundamental biochemical composition of interphase chromatin?→In plant cells, the tonoplast plays a crucial physiological role by facilitating the transport of a number of ions and other materials. What is the direction and nature of this transport relative to concentration gradients?→Given below are two statements:\n Statement I: The ribosomes of chloroplasts are 70S, which are smaller than the cytoplasmic 80S ribosomes of eukaryotic cells.\n Statement II: The inner membrane of the chloroplast is comparatively more permeable to solutes than its outer membrane. \nIn the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:→Consider the following statements regarding the formulation of cell theory: (A) Matthias Schleiden concluded that the presence of cell wall is a unique character of plant cells. (B) Theodore Schwann studied different types of animal cells and observed a thin outer layer known as plasma membrane. (C) Schleiden and Schwann together formulated the cell theory but could not explain how new cells were formed. Which of the above statements are correct?→
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