Chemistry · THERMODYNAMICS

The standard entropy of a pure substance at \( 298\text{ K} \) can be determined from heat capacity data down to \( 0\text{ K} \) using the Third Law of Thermodynamics by evaluating:

1. \( S_{298}^\circ = \int_0^{298} T\,dq_{\text{rev}} \)
2. \( S_{298}^\circ = \int_{298}^0 \frac{q_{\text{rev}}}{T} \)
3. \( S_{298}^\circ = \sum_{0}^{298} \frac{q_{\text{rev}}}{T} \)
4. \( S_{298}^\circ = \sum_{0}^{298} \frac{\Delta H}{T^2} \)