OnlineCBT
1. What is Character Encoding?
Computers store text as sequences of bytes (zeros and ones). Character encoding defines the translation dictionary that maps numeric byte sequences into human-readable characters, letters, and punctuation.
2. Why UTF-8 is the Universal Standard
Historically, different regions used competing encoding schemes (such as ASCII, ISO-8859-1 for Western Europe, Windows-1252, or ISCII for Indian languages). If a file was saved in one encoding and interpreted in another, characters became corrupted.
UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is the gold standard because:
- It can represent every character in virtually all written languages, including English, Hindi (Devanagari: हिन्दी), Tamil, Arabic, Chinese, mathematical equations, and emojis.
- It is backwards-compatible with standard ASCII.
- It is universally mandated by the W3C and HTML5 specifications.
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भौतिक विज्ञान (Physics): गुरुत्वाकर्षण के नियम
